motor yachts in rough seas

Can a luxury charter yacht survive rough seas?

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Written by Rachael Steele

When it comes to someone’s first holiday on the water, one of the questions that might be racing through his or her mind is: ‘Can the luxury charter yacht survive rough seas’?

Charter yacht Laurentia

The short answer is ‘yes’, however, this might not reassure the underlying concern of what it takes to damage a vessel to such an extent that the crew and guests are in danger, and a more in-depth look at the situation is required.

Different vessels have different methods other than ballast for ensuring stability in the water: Sailing yachts have keels while motor yachts have stabilisers that reduce the pitch and roll while at anchor (known as ‘zero speed stabilisers’), and some versions can be used even while cruising. Expedition yachts are even expected to encounter rough seas on journeys to remote destinations and are equipped accordingly.

Catamarans and trimarans will have even greater stability, and these vessels are a popular choice for cruising in the Caribbean and Bahamas,  where the shallow draft grants access to tranquil anchorages close to the shores.

Luxury charter catamaran Hemisphere

During the construction of each unique hull design, naval architects and engineers undertake tank tests to ensure the seaworthiness of the vessel. The Douglas Sea Scale defines ‘rough seas’ as 2.5-4m/4.1-8.2ft with very rough conditions being 4-6m/13-20ft.

At Southampton University tank tests showed that when a wave was 30% as high as the hull length, it was possible to capsize some yachts. However a wave as high as 60% of the hull length capsized all vessels. So the size of a vessel also plays a role in its stability and safety on the water.

For example, to cause danger to a motor yacht of 30m/98ft, a wave must be at least 9m/29ft and as high or higher than 18m/58.8ft to sink the vessel – these wave sizes correlate to the Very High and Phenomenal categories at the top of the Douglas Sea Scale and are unlikely to be encountered unless in hurricane conditions. Under these circumstances, you’d be much happier aboard your sailing yacht or motor yacht than one of the fishing boats in the Cyclades harbours!

Modern yachts are designed to survive rough seas

However, it is unlikely that you will encounter such conditions during your luxury yacht charter: The Captain receives a daily weather report and will be aware of nearby ports and other sheltered anchorages to wait out the storm, and your professional crew will ensure the safety of everyone on board. Although rough to very rough conditions will make life on board unpleasant for guests and crew alike, both sailing yachts and motor yachts are prepared for such weather.

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How is a Luxury Yacht doing in Rough Seas?

Luxury yachts are the ultimate symbol of indulgence in the world of boating. With their sleek designs, high-tech features and luxurious interiors, these vessels are ideal for those who want to experience the opulence of life at sea. However, when it comes to facing harsh weather conditions, even the most expensive yachts can be tested to their limits. The question is, how well do these luxury yachts perform in rough seas?  

What can we call rough sea conditions?

Rough sea conditions refer to the state of the sea characterized by high waves, strong winds, and heavy swells. These conditions are common during storms or extreme weather events, making sailing or boating more challenging and dangerous. The height of waves during rough sea conditions can exceed 3 meters, which can cause vessels to pitch and roll, affecting the stability and safety of the crew and the yacht. Additionally, rough sea conditions can also cause high levels of water spray, making visibility difficult and reducing the effectiveness of navigation aids.

Should you expect to have rough conditions during a yacht charter?

Trimarans are often considered to be some of the best performers in rough waters due to their design features. Their three-hull structure provides increased stability, reducing the rolling motion that can cause seasickness and discomfort. Additionally, the wider beam of trimarans gives them more surface area on the water, improving their stability further. Another benefit of trimarans is their ability to maintain speed in rough seas. The aerodynamic design of their hulls, coupled with the increased stability, allows them to cut through choppy waters while maintaining a relatively smooth ride. 

Read also: The Caribbean To Mediterranean Sailing Routes: How To Cross The Atlantic Eastward

Most sailing yachts are resistant in difficult weather conditions

When it comes to sailing yachts, some types are better equipped to handle rough seas than others. One such type is the ocean cruiser, which is designed specifically for long-distance sailing in all conditions. Ocean cruisers typically have a heavier displacement, a deep keel, and a strong hull, which helps them to maintain stability and ride out storms. Another type that excels in rough seas is the bluewater cruiser, which is also designed for offshore sailing. These yachts feature a high freeboard, which keeps the cockpit and cabin drier in heavy seas, and a keel that is deep enough to provide good stability. Other types of yachts, such as performance cruisers or racing yachts, may not be as well-suited for rough seas, as their focus is on speed rather than durability in challenging conditions. It’s worth noting, however, that even the most seaworthy yacht can be overwhelmed in extreme weather, so it’s always important to exercise caution and good judgement when sailing in rough seas.

Motoryachts, especially superyachts and megayachts handle rough sea really well

When it comes to handling rough seas, luxury motor yachts come to the forefront with their exceptional seaworthiness and stability. Superyachts and megayachts, with their larger size and weight, offer a smoother ride in choppy waters. The deep-V hull design found in these larger yachts helps them cut through the waves with ease, reducing the impact of a rough sea. Additionally, these boats often feature advanced technology and stabilisation systems that further minimise uncomfortable motion. 

Which types of yachts are the most uncomfortable in rough conditions?

Catamarans are notoriously uncomfortable once the sea is getting too wild

When it comes to yachts and rough conditions, certain types are more prone to discomfort than others. Catamarans, for example, are often cited as being particularly uncomfortable during rough seas. This is due to their design – catamarans feature two parallel hulls that sit above the water. While this design can provide increased stability in calmer waters, it can pose problems when the sea gets choppy. Because the hulls are separate, rather than being connected like a traditional single-hulled yacht, the boat can bounce around more, leading to a rougher ride. Of course, the severity of discomfort will depend on a variety of factors, including the size of the catamaran, the strength of the waves, and the experience of the captain. However, if you know you’re headed into rough waters, it’s worth bearing in mind that a catamaran may not be the most comfortable option.

Monohulls will tilt drastically in bad weather conditions

Monohull yachts are generally considered the most uncomfortable in rough weather conditions. This is because monohulls are more susceptible to tilting or heeling dramatically when the waves become choppy, leading to a much more unstable and uncomfortable ride for those on board. In some cases, the boat may even list to one side or the other, causing occupants to struggle to maintain balance and potentially leading to seasickness. In contrast, multihull yachts such as catamarans are generally considered more stable and comfortable in rough conditions, as their wider hulls and lower center of gravity help them to better withstand the effects of wind and waves..

Read also: Best yachts for transatlantic: our selection and advices

What does it feel like to be in a yacht while the sea is rough?

The Best-Riding Center Console Boats for Rough Water

• By Heather Steinberger
• Updated: April 7, 2020

We’ve all been there. A headwind pipes up, and choppy, rough seas dance between you and your destination. You throttle up; you throttle back. You try to help your boat find its comfort zone, and you do your best to quarter the waves.

Inevitably, though, there are those stomach-dropping lurches and the slamming that clenches your muscles and rattles your dental work. Despite your best efforts, you can’t ignore the bangs down below, the ones that make the hull shudder. The ones that make you fervently hope that everyone involved with building this boat did a good job.

That’s a rough ride, even for a rough water boat. And it has happened to all of us, so let’s be honest. Not every boat can provide a soft, smooth ride in snotty conditions, no matter what the glossy brochures say.

We asked three prominent boat designers, and their answers provided much food for thought — regarding how to choose a vessel that’s going to provide a smooth ride, best boat for rough seas, the compromises and trade-offs inherent in your choice, and whether a smooth ride is even what you should be looking for in the first place.

Comparing Displacement and Planing Boat Hulls

Dave Gerr founded New York City-based Gerr Marine Inc. in 1983. He’s designed a broad range of recreational boats and commercial vessels, both monohull and multihull. When it comes to designing a soft-riding hull, he immediately pointed out that there are different sets of criteria for displacement hulls and planing hulls.

Displacement hulls, he noted, don’t pound the way a planing hull will, so they automatically provide a softer ride. To maximize this, designers need to ensure three things: a good roll time, good heave characteristics and deadrise forward.

“For the roll time, we have a formula,” Gerr said. “Every boat has a natural roll period, which is 1 to 1.1 seconds times the boat’s beam in meters. If it’s slower than that, you’ll get that drunken motion. If it’s faster, it’s going to feel snappy and uncomfortable.”

For example, a boat with a 6.7-foot beam ideally should have an approximately two-second roll time. And, Gerr added, a reasonable deadrise forward will make the vessel even more comfortable.

The formula for heave, however, is more complicated. It involves the weight of the boat and the water plane area. The lighter the boat is, and the greater its water plane area, the greater the heave motion will be.

“A wide boat with a large water plane will bounce up and down violently,” Gerr said, “but if you have a small water plane compared to the boat’s weight, that heave will be slow. If it heaves too slowly, you’ve got a wet boat.

“You want to have your roll time and heave in the target region, and then add that deadrise forward,” he continued, “so you won’t have pounding in chop.”

For a planing hull this is hard to achieve. By nature, these hulls are snappy and heave more while trolling or drifting; planing cancels that out, but you can still pound.

“What you really want is more deadrise,” Gerr said. “Just remember: The greater the deadrise, the slower the boat [for the same weight and engine]. That deep-V hull is going to need more power.”

A designer, he said, has to juggle power and what is good deadrise on a boat for optimum comfort.

“You put a deep, high deadrise at the forefoot to get the boat to lift its bow out of the water, or you’ll have steering problems,” he said. “You design it so it planes higher, and then you control it with trim tabs so you won’t trip over that forefoot.”

Deadrise is a difficult thing to visually assess at a boat show or in a dealer’s showroom, so how can a boater ascertain if a soft ride was a design priority? Gerr said the length-to-beam ratio is a dead giveaway.

“A long, slender hull is going to have a softer ride, as long as the designer got the roll time right,” he stated. “A wide, shallow hull isn’t going to perform as well. And if you’ve got a high superstructure, you’re going to have increased roll and handling problems.”

Of course, less displacement means it’s a smaller boat inside. You’re going to have to go longer to get the same live-aboard space as that shorter, wider, taller boat next door, but the good news is that your boat is going to be faster and more fuel-efficient than the fat, high version of the same length.

If you are talking deadrise, Gerr said he likes to see a minimum of 17 degrees for offshore boats, although he observed that’s still a bit shallow. Deep-V hulls are considered to be 21 degrees or more. Consider this if you’re looking for the best deadrise for rough water.

“I’d say look for a deadrise of more than 20 degrees,” he advised, “and a length-to-beam ratio on the waterline that is greater than 3.5 to 1. Those two characteristics give you a pretty good idea that the design is intended for a soft ride.”

How Does a Boat Hull Handle in Following Seas?

Michael Peters founded Sarasota, Florida-based Michael Peters Yacht Design (MPYD) in 1981. Originally specializing in high-speed boats and offshore racing, MPYD now brings its fusion of performance and aesthetic standards to a wide variety of boat designs. When asked about the search for the perfect soft-riding boat, Peters laughed.

“Think of these ideals: soft-riding, dry and fast,” he said. “Now, pick two.”

The softer-riding a boat is, the wetter it is, because it doesn’t confront the wave. Rather, it splits it. If you want to knock the water down and push it away, then you’ll feel the impact. Boaters clearly need to consider these trade-offs when seeking a soft-riding vessel, but Peters has a more important cautionary tale to share. It’s natural to think of head seas and a soft-riding hull together in the same scenario — but what happens when the boat turns around?

“That’s a different story,” Peters said. “Following seas can pick up the stern, and the sharp angle and deadrise can cause the boat to bow-steer and broach. That’s a much more dangerous situation. It’s uncomfortable to hit the seas on the nose, but it won’t kill you. Boats go out of control in following seas, not head seas.”

Simply put, a hull that is too pointy forward and too flat aft will have an increased risk of broaching. Boaters should look for a hull with deadrise spread evenly — no extremes, such as a professional offshore racing boat’s sharp deadrise throughout the hull. The best boat hull for rough seas must be able to handle following seas.

“If you’re going to have fine forward sections, you’ll balance the hull by putting a lot of deadrise aft,” Peters explained. “You’re looking for recovery, a bow that doesn’t plunge and that can regain its buoyancy in a following sea.

“In our forward sections, we always run a convex section that’s puffed out,” he continued. “Some curvature helps dissipate wave energy and impact. Concave sections look like they’ll provide a softer ride, but they actually focus the energy.”

Peters’ advice to boaters is twofold. First, avoid those extremes. They’re not necessary for most recreational boaters. And second, make sure you have a good grasp of where and how you’re going to use the boat. An offshore cruising boat might not be the best choice for a river or inland lake.

“Lakes can be much harder for running a boat than the ocean, where you have long swells rather than steep, breaking seas,” Peters said. “Just make sure you’ve planned for the worst conditions you’ll run in, not the best, and never, ever sign a contract without running the boat in the intended conditions.”

Some boats, he said, are not designed to be the best boat . Sometimes the goal is to provide the best accommodations for the hull’s length and beam, which can mean creating a vessel that has a lot of windage, high freeboard, a high center of gravity and a very wide beam for its length.

“We don’t get to design the best boat in all cases,” Peters said. “No perfect boat? No kidding. But every boat appeals to somebody. One guy might love this particular boat, and he wants that 6-foot-4-inch headroom, while another guy is going to hate the compromises.”

“You always have to be aware that the more you emphasize space, the less boat it’s going to be,” he warned. “And it’s counterintuitive, but what looks good might not be good at all.”

Peters also advised inquiring about a preferred design’s origins. Was it designed in-house at the boatbuilding facility? Was it designed by a naval architect? What are his or her credentials?

“Some people might not care, but it will help you better understand the design,” he said. “With a car, we accept that all the engineering is done correctly, and we can choose our favorite based on appeal alone. With a boat, you should think about engineering and stability calculations, not just styling.”

Finally, Peters noted that good hull designs stand the test of time. With most major advancements taking place in hybrids, like stepped hulls and multihulls, the average boat owner is going to be looking at hull designs that haven’t changed much in 20 or 30 years. And that’s OK.

“Most people just want a good family boat,” he said. “I’d say stay in the middle. The hull should look familiar. That hull from 30 years ago is still a good hull.”

A Boat’s Soft Ride is Subjective

Peter Granata, owner of Palmetto Bluff, South Carolina-based Granata Design , has been designing boats since the early 1970s. With a number of award-winning designs and patented ideas under his belt, he’s firm in his conviction that the soft-ride discussion really shouldn’t be about the boat. It’s about the people involved.

“First of all, the hull ride is felt rather than measured,” he said. “And, it’s based very much on your own individual perception of what the boat looks like and what you expect it to deliver, plus your experience up to that point. It’s very subjective.”

Soft can be a relative term. A boater who is downsizing from a 60-foot yacht to a 30-foot pocket cruiser might find the smaller boat has the worst ride he’s experienced to date, whereas a boater jumping up from a 16-footer will say that 30-footer provides the best ride he’s ever had.

The most important questions a boater can ask, Granata said, are: How well does this design meet its intended purpose, and what can it do for me?

He provided a wakeboard boat as an example. The expectation is for thrills, not the softness of the ride.

“Soft ride is certainly a measurement when it comes to boat design, but it’s not the only one,” he said. “A designer should manage the ride aspect to meet the customer’s expectation. Does the boat do what it’s intended to do?”

The idea is that ride is less important than function, based on customer priorities. If you’re headed offshore and a dry ride is your No. 1 priority, you’ll want to make sure the hull has enough flare to ensure that the water follows the hull and travels outboard rather than over the deck. If you’re an angler, you might look for hull cutaways in the right spots to support the design’s self-bailing characteristics. Bass anglers seek extra buoyancy forward to support their weight.

With “dockominiums,” deep deadrise is unnecessary because owners place a higher priority on stability at rest, accommodations and space for entertaining. And with water-sports boats, the wake is all-important. Without that, the hull is worthless.

“We get so wrapped up in the specifics of hull generation that we forget someone has to buy it and spend time in it,” Granata said. “A designer has to know how the boat will be used, and you do as well. The boat is for you, not for the guy who made it.”

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“The Best Rough Water Boats Out There. Period.”

Winn willard, president of ray hunt design, reveals his obsession with hunt yachts’ surfhunter 25..

An industry game-changer and pragmatic boat engineer, Winn Willard was on his first boat at age 5. Today, whether cruising Buzzards Bay on his Hunt Yachts Surfhunter 25 (the original Surfhunter model) or evolving Ray Hunt Design, his passion for the life aquatic remains deep. An accomplished naval architect and yacht designer with a staggering amount of boat designs in his portfolio, Willard has recently returned to his own favorite design — purchasing and captaining a Hunt Surfhunter 25 he named Creola .

“I’ve always wanted one,” Willard says of his new boat. “It’s an early hull we’ve updated over the years, and it’s a real sweetheart. In my opinion it’s the best 25-footer rough water boat out there. Period.”

Why is this design his favorite? It’s anchored in the history of Ray Hunt Designs and Hunt Yachts. Based in New Bedford, Mass., and founded in 1966, the 56-year-old Ray Hunt Designs is a naval architecture firm famous for a high-deadrise hull form known as the Hunt Deep V — helmed by Willard’s prescient vision. The result? A solution for performance, seakindliness, comfort, and safety in rough seas, all of which are readily apparent in the Surfhunter 25. 

“Hunt Yachts was created by me and a couple other partners,” Willard further explains. “It was developed and then sold to Hinckley in 2013. We take pride in the boats that carry the Hunt name. They must be the best in terms of rough water performance, because that’s what we are known for. The Hunt boats have more deadrise and aggressive Hunt design. They are, and will continually be, the best rough water boats out there.”

Willard’s penchant for boat building runs in his family. He grew up in Plymouth, Mass., right on the beach. He explains that since the age of 5 he “was always messing around with boats.” A carpenter and boatbuilder, Willard’s Dad built him is first boat — an eight-foot pram. “To keep me occupied, he would start up the little outboard motor, put me in the boat with my life jacket on, and throw out the anchor,” Willard explains. “I could putt-putt around my little boat as far as the anchor line would let me or before I’d run out of gas. My love for the water went from there.”

After attending college at the University of Michigan — one of the few places at the time that offered a degree in naval architecture — Willard went on to business school at Babson College and returned home for a part-time summer job. Back then, Boston was a hub for aspiring boat designers. “I took a roll of drawings under my arm, went to Hunt, and said, ‘Hey, need a draftsman?’” Willard says. “Ray Hunt’s partner hired me on a part-time basis, so I was going to school in the morning and working for him in the afternoon. One thing led to another and it’s essentially the only job I’ve ever had.”

Throughout his career he’s led an incredible amount of boat designs. He’s concepted sailboats, 100-foot motor yachts, even a 10-foot jet ski for Honda. He’s designed for Chris-Craft, Boston Whaler, Regal, Robalo, Cruisers Yachts, Four Winns, and many others. Yet what makes him most tick? “The more interesting boats are the custom yachts — when owners come in and want something special,” he says. “Those have been fun. But we also do commercial and military boats. And those are especially interesting because they have a job to do. In some cases, people’s lives depend on them. We continue to design boats all over the country and they sell themselves. That’s really rewarding.”

When asked why he thinks Ray Hunt Design is considered a true innovator, he quickly responds with the fact that the V-shape hull was the major pivot. “There was a total paradox shift with Ray Hunt Design,” he explains. “In the 1960s, all motorboats were typically flat bottom boats and had awful handling characteristics. Ray used to demonstrate with his early boats. He would take the boat up to high speed and then take his hands off the wheel and tie his shoelaces. And people would think, ‘Oh my God, don’t let go of the steering wheel!’ But the boat would keep going straight because of its design. It’s a recipe we continue to evolve throughout the years. We update, improve, and adapt to what’s going on in the world. Hinckley Sport Boats and Hunt yachts are more aggressive and a little higher deadrise, with the V shape in the hull, so they will go through the water as smooth as possible.”

Today, you’ll find Willard aboard Creola (named after a Jimmy Buffett son), cruising Buzzard’s Bay with his wife. He also cherishes rides to the Elizabeth Islands. “It’s like you’re in a different world,” Willard says. “There are no lights, no noise. And at the west end of Nantucket, it’s shallow water and you can go to Madaket. The city lights obscure the sky, but when you get out sto those places you realize there are a lot of stars up there. I’m very happy to just sit on my boat and stare at the stars.”

And why, after all these years of boat engineering, did he come back to the Hunt Surfhunter 25? “Being a designer and an engineer, I appreciate boats, cars, and machinery, for what they can do and how they perform. A Hunt boat is by far the best rough water boat. I wouldn’t want to own anything less.”

Click here to learn more about the latest Surfhunter, the Surfhunter 32 , now available with outboard or I/O power.

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Techniques for Handling a Boat in Rough or Foul Weather

Sometimes the best way to deal with foul weather is to simply stay at the dock. Great advice, but what happens when you are  boating and the seas turn with little notice?  In this post we’ll explore some of the best practices with respect to boat handling in rough seas. You will gain familiarity with techniques for handling the various types of conditions you may encounter.*

Knowing what to do with the helm and throttle(s), combined with constant vigilance, are key to maintaining safe boating during inclement weather.

6 Types of Rough Seas

Here are six potential conditions you could encounter in rough seas:

• Head sea: A sea that is broad on the bow, coming at an angle between the bow and amidships.
• Broad sea: A sea coming at you between the bow and amidships.
• Beam sea: A sea coming at a right angle to the keel of your boat.
• Quartering sea: A sea coming at an angle between amidships and astern.
• Following sea: A sea coming directly on the transom.
• Chop or confused sea state: A combination of wind, waves and current produces a confused sea that seems to batter the boat from all directions at once.

Each of these conditions mentioned requires a different approach at the helm, and all can present some degree of danger if not handled properly. Being ready to immediately adjust your course and speed is critical in rough-water operations. Keep one hand on the helm and the other on the throttle in order to quickly maneuver in sea conditions that could be constantly changing.

In some cases it may be necessary to go as slowly as possible and still retain steerage. Keep a sharp lookout for other vessels. Visibility can be drastically reduced in rough seas whether from rain, fog or by the simple fact that with the waves and wave sets so high, you may find yourself in a trough every few moments thus reducing your visibility down to a couple hundred yards.

Although transiting directly into oncoming waves may provide the greatest amount of directional stability for your vessel, navigating into a head sea may not be the most comfortable course to steer due to the rapid pitching that occurs when you’re running directly into the waves, also referred to as taking the waves “on the nose.”

Comfort aside, heading into or slightly off the waves does provide the greatest margin of safety. The bow generates the least possible resistance to the waves and rudder effectiveness is maximized. Additionally, the waves are directly in front of you in a head sea, where they are easiest to read and anticipate. You may still have to reduce power on the downward slope to keep from burying your bow into the next wave. Try utilizing trim tabs to help avoid bow slam after cresting a wave. 

When your course requires traveling in a beam sea, there are two options open to you. If the waves are broadly spaced, you may be able to stay your course and ride up and down them without excess rolling.

Otherwise, you can set a broad zigzag course, where you travel with the sea broad on the bow for some distance before turning 90 degrees and accepting a quartering sea for an equal distance. While neither leg may be particularly comfortable, such a strategy will reduce the danger that some beam seas can present.

Quartering Sea

Handling a quartering sea can be difficult and uncomfortable because it not only causes rolling and yawing but affects steering as well. Using a zigzag course may not be very inviting because you would end up alternating between a beam sea and a following sea during every cycle.

The alternative is a combination of wrestling with the rudder to keep the boat under control and delivering enough power to the prop to maintain speed while simultaneously keeping the waves from pushing the stern sideways as this can lead to broaching or capsizing in the trough of a wave.

Following Sea

With respect to following seas, there are many different elements that determine how a following sea will affect you and the amount of effort you will have to exert to avoid problems. The type of boat that may be in most danger in a following sea may be an outboard-powered boat with a low or cutaway transom. The combination of the aft weight of its propulsion and the absence of a barrier to oncoming water make it susceptible to swamping where the water rushes in from astern.

Following seas can propel the boat down the far side of a wave fast enough to bury its bow in the trough or they may push the stern sideways on the way down, causing the boat to broach. This can happen very quickly and has caught many skippers off guard.

In large, steep seas usually found in open waters, you will find yourself increasing power as you labor up the backside of a wave or swell and having to throttle back to control excess speed on the way down the other side to avoid burying the bow. The tricky part is to avoid slowing to the point where you lose steerage and the sea can push the stern aside. If you sense that happening, immediately steer in the direction the stern is being pushed and apply as much power as necessary to quickly maneuver back to your original intended heading. make sure trim tabs are up and engines are slightly out to help keep the bow from submarining. 

In an extreme situation, such as navigating high waves that are rolling over the bar of an inlet, the best course is to work the throttle carefully so that you maintain a position just behind the crest and ride it in until you reach calmer water.

Chop/Confused Sea

Now let’s discuss chop, otherwise known as a “confused sea state”. Larger boats usually are unaffected by chop, and most smaller craft can handle it easily to a point. However, when opposing wind, tide and current combine into a sea of confused 3- or 4-foot waves, piloting the smaller boat will require close attention.

There is no specific way to handle such a situation. The best practice here is to simply reduce speed and maintain a good lookout. Deal with the oncoming waves that are the most precarious. This slow approach will allow you to steer into each peak or trough individually to keep the boat under control. The situation will make it difficult to maintain a course exactly, so keep an eye on your heading and position as you go.

Navigating in rough seas is a skill that must be learned through experience. Conditions vary greatly, and every boat responds with its own handling characteristics.

Maintaining your boat in good shape, knowing how to rig it for foul weather, and having a plan in place will go a long way to ensuring your safety.

* Yachts360 strongly advises against boating during adverse weather conditions and this post is for general information only, not a guide and therefore Yachts360 holds no liability. Use extreme caution and good judgement before each and every boating session. 

9 Best Power Catamarans For Rough Seas and Coastal!

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Power catamarans are gaining popularity in the cruising world thanks to their enhanced stability and ease of operation. They’re ideal for coastal cruising but can also be used for ocean crossing thanks to their stability and speed.

Here are some of the best power catamarans on the market:

• Fountaine Pajot MY6
• Nautitech 47 Power
• Horizon PC74
• Lagoon Seventy 8
• ArrowCat 420
• Sunreef Supreme 68

In this article, I’ll review some of the best power catamarans out there. I’ll also go over the main features of different power cats and if they can handle rough weather. 

But before we dive in, let’s get a better understanding of what power cats are.

Table of Contents

What Is a Power Cat?

A power catamaran (power cat) is a motor-powered boat that, unlike traditional boats, has two hulls connected by a bridge deck. These vessels are more stable than monohulls because of their wide base.  

Power cats also don’t have a leaded keel to weigh them down, so they’re pretty lightweight and fast. The lack of a keel also means that power cats are more suitable for shallow waters.

They feature large engines designed to handle their bigger bodies and weights, and serve different purposes, like fishing, cruising, or crossing rough seas. In addition, each hull has a separate engine which makes them more maneuverable, especially at turns and tight spaces.

Power catamarans don’t have sails or masts and get all of their power from the combustion engine (or electric motor), unlike their sailing cousins. In addition, these vehicles are much easier to steer because of their increased stability.

Power catamarans have more interior and exterior space thanks to their multihull design, making them perfect for cruising and liveaboard . They also have ample space for storing everything you need on a cruise without worrying about weighing it down. Catamarans offer increased privacy as well because each hull houses one sleeping area, separated by the living area between them.

Are Power Cats Good in Rough Water?

Power catamarans are good in rough waters particularly because of their multi-hull design. Their wide base makes them stable, and their high speed allows for outrunning bad weather.

Power cats that feature a high bridge clearance, will handle rough waters effortlessly. With the added height, you won’t experience pounding and slamming even in heavy waves, allowing the crew to easily control the vessel in challenging situations.

These boats are also faster than their sailing counterparts, which means they can get you out of rough waters quickly.

In addition, since catamarans are large and tall, maneuvering is easier because you have a better view of the surroundings. Additionally, you can steer from the interior cockpit (on certain models), making it easier to control the vessel in bad weather.

Finally, although a power cat doesn’t have a keel to help it right itself in case of capsizing, it will still float easily because of its positive buoyancy.

Are Power Catamarans More Efficient?

Power catamarans are more fuel-efficient than monohulls because they don’t have leaded keels. While keels are designed to offer stability by weighing down the vessel, they increase the wetted surface and thereby add drag.

Due to the catamarans’ narrow bow entry, there’s lower resistance, leading to smoother acceleration and greater fuel economy in catamarans. In addition, power cats show fewer spikes in fuel consumption in a single power band, especially because of their smooth acceleration and fuel consumption.

The figures reported by cat owners or manufacturers show that power cats have the best power-consumption-to-speed ratios.

That being said, you can improve fuel efficiency by maintaining lower speeds; studies have shown that speed can be the most important factor in fuel efficiency, regardless of the number of engines or hull types. 

Now that you have a better understanding of power catamarans, let’s take a look at the ten best models on the market.

1. Leopard 53

This 53ft (16.19m) power cat is the fourth generation of the widely popular Leopard catamarans, and brings with it all the great features from her predecessor, the 51. 

Although the 51 was the company’s best-selling cat, they added these features to the 53 along with new ones to repeat its success. For example, they have built an enormous saloon, flybridge, and galley by removing the foredeck cockpit in the 51 PC, making it 30 percent larger than the previous model.

This model comes with three or four stateroom layouts, with the 3-stateroom version featuring an owner’s stateroom, two sinks, a loveseat, and lots of storage space.

With two Yanmar 370 hp engines, a maximum speed of 22 knots, and a cruising speed of 17.5, you can enjoy a magnificent ride, whether it’s long-distance cruising or a fun night out with friends.

2. Fountaine Pajot MY6

This luxury power cat is 44ft (13.40m) long, making it super spacious and suitable for families and big parties. With its spacious flybridge, sunbathing lounge, and enormous galley, it’s nothing short of a second home on the water. 

You can steer the cat from the saloon or the 21sqm (68 sq ft) flybridge which features a sunbathing lounge, a pool, and a galley.

This motor yacht continues to delight with its luxurious combination of privacy and pleasure, with views of the sea in almost every interior space. With three cabins, two bathrooms, six cabin beds, ample storage, and a kitchen that opens into the cockpit, you can enjoy practicality and luxury in one place.

The MY6 is exceptionally seaworthy and stable thanks to its wave-piercing hulls and Volvo IPS engines.

Like all power cats, it has straightforward steering, enabling you to control this beast even in the roughest circumstances.

3. Nautitech 47 Power

Powered by dual Volvo Penta D4 engines, this model can output 225-300hp, reaching a maximum of 22 knots and a cruising speed of 18-20 knots . This 46′ 8″ (14.23m) long power cat comes in three or four cabin versions, depending on the customer’s preference.

No matter which layout you choose, you’ll get a spacious, luxurious, and comfortable catamaran with panoramic views from the cabin. The sleek, streamlined exterior design ensures elegant sailing and seaworthiness.

It’s easy for passengers to navigate the deck thanks to its seamless design that connects the saloon to the cockpit and the rear deck. The stern features a big swimming platform that can also accommodate a tender. The cockpit is usable in different weather conditions thanks to the clear covers wrapping the whole area.

This efficient catamaran promises long cruising for big families and groups with two 300L water tanks and a pair of 645L fuel tanks.  

4. Horizon PC74

The Horizon PC 74 is another luxury power cat that can give you the comfort of your home on water. This 73′ 9” (22.48m) long power cat with a 2,000gal (7570L) fuel tank is an enormous vessel that can accommodate more than 14 people.

The enormous hardtop on the three-piece windshield, the teak dining table, the U-shaped bar, the sun pad, and the swing-out stools all guarantee that you’ll have the luxury cruising experience of a lifetime.

This vast and wide catamaran allows you to access the aft deck from the flybridge via a curving staircase. The vast aft deck has a ten-person dining table, a wet bar, and storage space. You can separate the interior and exterior spaces through sliding glass doors and make the space appear bigger by opening them.

Reaching a top speed of 23 knots and a cruising speed of 19 knots, this enormous catamaran was built for efficiency and practicality.

5. Lagoon Seventy 8

This 78’1″ (23.80m) power cat with two 494 HP engines and a 2246gal (8500L) fuel capacity is one of the largest power cats on the market, offering both comfort and reliability. The enormous flybridge can feature a jacuzzi, a sunbathing area, a large foldable dining table, and a hardtop with a moveable roof. However, you can customize the flybridge based on your preferences.

The designers have compromised nothing in terms of elegance and high-quality materials with top-of-the-line finishes and interior paneling to create the kind of luxury you want.

The saloon is huge, well-ventilated, and separated from the exterior by glass doors and panoramic windows.

But what sets Lagoon Seventy 8 apart from other power cats, in addition to its enormous size, is the wide choice of layouts. You can choose between five different versions, all offering the same amount of storage space, living and sleeping area, and privacy.

Additionally, some versions are fully customizable, allowing you to pick every detail to your liking.

6. ArrowCat 420

This 41′ (12.73m) long express cruiser is a semi-custom catamaran with two-stateroom and three-stateroom layouts. The ArrowCat 420 is designed and built with comfort and strength in mind, and capable of handling rough waters safely.

The two Suzuki 350 hp engines give this model a maximum speed of 40 knots and a cruising speed of 20 knots.

The streamlined design and the angled hulls ensure the vessel cuts through the waves effortlessly, making it easy to maneuver.

The fully-equipped head features an electric toilet, a shower, sink, and mirrors, coupled with a dining table, floor storage locker, and teak-finished floors. This cat is built to combine luxury and comfort for both onshore and offshore cruising.

7. Bali 4.3

This 43′ (13.1m) power cat is made for ocean crossing in mind. With five different layouts featuring different combinations of cabins and heads, the company ensures you’ll get the kind of setup you want. Regardless of the layout, this cat offers a spacious master suite with a large double bed and other private sleeping quarters.

You can quickly add to the overall space by removing the adjustable glass doors to merge the cockpit with the saloon.

A feature that sets the 4.1 apart from its predecessor is the fixed aft deck between the hulls, which provides a passageway and eliminates the need to go from one hull to the other without entering the cockpit.

8. Sunreef Supreme 68

According to its designers, this model was built with a radical concept in mind while staying true to the company’s promise of building the most comfortable and spacious power cats in the world.

One of the greatest features of the Supreme 68 is its aft garage that houses a 5m (16 ft) tender and two jet skis in addition to other water toys.

You can also transform the aft to a large platform for water sports by lowering the garage door.

The four-stateroom layout features ample storage, ensuite guest cabins, queen-sized beds, and TVs to create a memorable stay. The white and beige furniture with chrome details and floor-to-ceiling glazing create a soothing atmosphere that blends with the practicality of the well-equipped galley. 

However, if you’re looking for something different, you can opt for a customized model from three different layouts.

9. Hudson 48

The sleek, diamond-cut design of this 46.46’ (14.16m) long power cat is usually the first thing to catch your eye.

It’s a light displacement cat that ensures fast cruising with a top speed of 24 knots and cruising speed of 8 knots thanks to the two 370hp Yanmar V8 engines.

The three-cabin layout features a master stateroom with a spacious and well-ventilated design made possible via the three overhead windows and opening deck hatches.

The saloon’s enormous helm station allows for comfortable and safe accommodation, making it great for rough waters and bad weather conditions.

This model also offers a few entertainment options with its large TV systems and mood lighting. The storage areas and the full-sized walk-in wardrobe give this model a comfortable, homely setting.

Here are Some of My Favorite Catamaran Cruising Resources

Thank you for reading this article. I hope you found it helpful as you hopefully start your sailing adventures. Here are some resources that I use as a sailor that I hope you’ll also find helpful. These are affiliate links, so if you do decide to use any of them, I’ll earn a commission. But in all honesty, these are the exact things that I use and recommend to everyone, even my own family. Sailboats: If you’re looking for the best boat to suit your needs, I would recommend a catamaran. If you’re interested, I can show you the differences between catamarans and other types of sailboats .

Books:  For getting started, I really like  Cruising catamarans made easy . It is actually a textbook from the American sailing association; it is used to get a cruising catamaran certification. There are some other great books, and I have compiled a list of books about cruising catamarans that you will find useful.

Communication:  Being out on adventures, whether it be sailing or climbing mountains, good communications are essential to being safe. I recommend two things Google fi (incredibly simple cellular data all over the world) and Garmin inreach mini (for text and voice in remote areas without cell coverage)

Sailing courses: Online sailing courses are great for beginners starting out their sailing career; it’s an efficient way of learning the basics of navigation, throttle controls, and maritime safety. I suggest starting with two free courses from NauticEd .

To see all my most up-to-date recommendations,  check out this resource  that I made for you!

Owner of CatamaranFreedom.com. A minimalist that has lived in a caravan in Sweden, 35ft Monohull in the Bahamas, and right now in his self-built Van. He just started the next adventure, to circumnavigate the world on a Catamaran!

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Can a motor yacht withstand rough seas?

Boating enthusiasts planning to take their motor yacht out during stormy weather often wonder if the vessel will be able to withstand rough seas. It’s an important question because nobody wants to be caught off guard with a yacht that can’t handle challenging conditions. In this article, we’ll explore whether a motor yacht can withstand rough seas.

Firstly, it’s important to understand that any vessel sailing through rough seas will experience some degree of movement. While smaller boats may capsize or get swamped, motor yachts are generally designed to withstand such conditions by being built from sturdy materials and incorporating structural reinforcements.

Motor yachts are typically built with a deep V-hull, which provides a smoother ride in choppy waters as it cuts through waves rather than bouncing on top of them. These hulls are designed to disperse the impact of waves throughout the structure of the vessel, reducing stress and preventing any damages.

Moreover, modern motor yachts are engineered with sophisticated technology, such as advanced stabilization systems, to counteract motion and provide a more comfortable ride. These systems use hydraulic fins or gyroscopes to control the yacht’s movement so that it remains stable even when the seas are rough.

Another important factor is the boat’s weight distribution. A well-balanced motor yacht that has been packed correctly with the right gear will handle rough waters better than one that is not balanced. A centre of gravity that’s too high makes the vessel more prone to tipping over or rocking uncontrollably, leading to safety concerns.

It goes without saying that the performance of any boat depends on the experience and skills of its captain. Even when the yacht is designed to handle rough waters, it’s important to have a captain who knows how to navigate and use the vessel in difficult conditions effectively.

A motor yacht can definitely withstand rough seas, but it’s all about having the right design, advanced technology, appropriate weight distribution, and an experienced captain. Just like any boat, a motor yacht must be maintained and operated carefully for optimum performance and safety at all times, no matter the weather conditions.

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Boat of the Week: This Wave-Piercing 75-Foot Explorer Yacht Is Designed to Dominate Stormy Seas

With her wave-piercing hull and bulletproof windshield, "enmer" takes on the roughest waters and still works as a stylish, comfy cruiser., howard walker, howard walker's most recent stories.

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It’s a boater’s worst nightmare. Howling 40-knot winds churning-up near-vertical 20-feet walls of frothing sea. Add to the maelstrom a vicious rip-tide, horizontal rain and menacing coal-black skies. Definitely not a good day for a cocktail cruise around the bay.

This was the punishing sea-trial inflicted on the newly christened Enmer , a no-nonsense 75-foot XSV20 explorer yacht, before being delivered to her new owner, French billionaire and passionate yachtsman Jack Setton.

Even the delivery was extreme. Before Monsieur Setton was handed the keys, Enmer went on a 2,500-mile, high-speed blast from builder Safehaven Marine’s yard in Cork, Ireland, to her new slip in ritzy Porto Cervo, Sardinia.

With a hull more common on offshore pilot boats than motor yachts , the XSV20 blasts through big waves rather than stumbling over them.  Courtesy Edmiston Yachts

Now, after more than a year of cruising the Med and Caribbean, Setton has decided to sell the military-grade Enmer – the name is French for “At Sea,” with an asking price of about $2.35 million. “It’s time for me to lose a lot of money, which I seem to do regularly with my boats, and let someone else enjoy her,” Setton told Robb Report .

Setton’s past acquisitions have included the rugged 194-foot expedition yacht Senses , the 60-foot high-performance sailing yacht Ciao Gianni , named after his close friend, the late Fiat boss Gianni Agnelli, and the record-shattering 110-foot “Maxi” catamaran Swift . After his last “project,” the converted 105-foot Texas commercial fishing boat Pink Shrimp, which Setton transformed it into a luxurious world traveler, the Frenchman went looking for something equally rugged, but faster.

Setton found it in the XSV20, with an innovative, wave-piercing hull, thundering 51-mph top speed and go-anywhere capability. “I’ve always loved boats that look rugged on the outside but are comfortable inside—boats with no frills that I know will get the job done,” he says.

The pilothouse is no-nonsense, with shock-absorbing seats and an inch-thick ballistics-glass windshield that is shatterproof.  Courtesy Edmiston

The serial yacht owner worked with Safehaven to fine-tune the design, installing twin 1,150-hp Cat C18s hooked-up to waterjets. For Setton, the goal was less complexity, easier maintenance and better low-speed maneuverability. Those factors were important since it would be primarily Setton and his girlfriend who would cruise on the boat.

What didn’t change was the XSV20’s unique hull design. It starts as a carbon fiber and Kevlar-reinforced mono hull with a knife-like, wave-piercing bow. This then flows back into a deep-V mid-section, then seamlessly transitions into twin, catamaran-style hulls. He used inch-thick ballistic glass for the forward windows to provide extra protection for the wheelhouse.

Not a fan of boats that careen over waves, Setton designed a unique ballasting system. “It keeps the nose down, so the boat acts like a submarine, punching straight through the waves,” he says. “We experienced some bad conditions in the Med and it took everything incredibly well.”

The wave-piercing hull is a unique design for a motoryacht but serves the owner’s passion for going mano-a-mano with big ocean swells.  Courtesy Edmiston

Though fast, Setton prefers to run at slower speeds. “Yes, she’ll get up to 51 mph but she’s a lot happier at 40,” he says. Come down to 30 mph and she’ll cover over 600 nautical miles without refueling. You have a lot of performance and range.”

The interior was designed to be simple, yet comfortable enough for long cruises. Below decks, there’s a master suite, a guest cabin and crew quarters in the bow. When the seas turn gnarly, the pilothouse features four SHOXS commercial-grade, shock-absorbing helm and passenger seats for safety and comfort.

Setton thinks the next owner will either be someone looking for a boat to turn heads cruising into St. Tropez or an experienced sailor looking for adventures. “I need someone who is as passionate about the boat as I am,” he says. “I admit that I have turned down buyers in the past who didn’t understand what my boats were about. I’m optimistic I’ll find the right person.”

At rest, Enmer has a handsome profile, along with an exposed upper helm and open rear deck for relaxing in the sunshine.  Courtesy Edmiston

Enmer , currently moored in the South of France, is listed with Edmiston and judel/vrolijk & co. Here’s a video of the yacht in action.

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• Sailing Heavy Weather: Yacht vs. Catamaran - Choosing the Right Vessel for Rough Seas

When it comes to sailing, one of the most exhilarating experiences is navigating through heavy weather. The clash of wind and waves, the challenge of maintaining control, and the thrill of conquering the elements make it an adventure like no other. However, choosing the right vessel can significantly impact your safety and comfort during such conditions. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the differences between yachts and catamarans when it comes to sailing in heavy weather. Whether you're a seasoned sailor or a novice, understanding the advantages and disadvantages of each vessel will help you make an informed decision.

Yacht vs. Catamaran: The Basics

Yachts are known for their elegance and traditional design. They are single-hulled vessels with a deep keel that provides stability in calm waters. However, when it comes to heavy weather, yachts have some limitations:

• Less Stability : Yachts have a narrower beam, which makes them less stable in rough seas.
• Heeling : Yachts tend to heel or lean to one side in strong winds, making them more challenging to control.
• Slower Speed : Yachts are generally slower than catamarans, which can be a disadvantage when trying to outrun a storm.

Catamarans, on the other hand, have gained popularity for their unique design and superior performance in various conditions. Key advantages of catamarans in heavy weather include:

• Stability : Catamarans have a wider beam, which provides excellent stability, reducing the risk of capsizing.
• Reduced Heeling : Catamarans remain level even in strong winds, offering a more comfortable sailing experience.
• Speed : Catamarans are faster due to their twin-hull design, allowing you to navigate heavy weather more efficiently.

Sailing a Catamaran in Heavy Weather

If you've chosen a catamaran for your heavy-weather adventures, it's essential to understand some essential tips and techniques:

1. Reef Early

When you see dark clouds or feel the wind picking up, reef your sails early. Reduce the sail area to maintain control and prevent capsizing.

2. Keep a Close Eye on the Weather

Stay updated with weather forecasts. Modern technology and apps make it easier than ever to monitor changing conditions while at sea.

3. Maintain Speed

Catamarans thrive on speed. Keep moving forward to maintain control. Avoid pointing directly into the wind, as this can lead to a capsize.

4. Balance the Load

Distribute weight evenly to ensure the catamaran remains balanced. This is crucial for stability during heavy weather.

5. Practice Seamanship

Learn and practice seamanship skills, including handling waves, steering techniques, and emergency procedures.

Catamaran for Sale: Finding the Right One

If you're considering purchasing a catamaran for heavy-weather sailing, you'll find various options on the market. Here are some tips for finding the perfect vessel:

1. Budget-Friendly Options

Explore catamarans for sale in the Caribbean if you're looking for affordable options. The region offers a wide range of choices at competitive prices.

2. Performance Matters

Consider a performance catamaran for sale if you plan to sail in challenging conditions frequently. These vessels are designed for superior speed and stability.

3. Size Matters

Choose a catamaran size that suits your needs. Smaller models are more manageable for solo sailors, while larger ones offer more space for crew and equipment.

Heavy Weather Sailing: Yachts vs. Catamarans

Now that we've covered the basics let's delve deeper into the comparison between yachts and catamarans in heavy weather sailing.

Yachts in Heavy Weather

1. hull design.

Yachts typically have a monohull design with a single, deep keel. While this design provides stability in calm waters, it can be a disadvantage in heavy weather. Yachts are prone to heeling, where they lean to one side in strong winds. This heeling can be uncomfortable for passengers and challenging for the crew to manage.

2. Capsizing Risk

Due to their single-hull design, yachts have a higher risk of capsizing in heavy weather. When hit by a strong gust of wind, a heeling yacht can reach a critical angle of heel, leading to a potential capsize. This risk necessitates vigilant seamanship and early reefing of sails when sailing a yacht in heavy conditions.

3. Speed and Maneuverability

Yachts are generally slower than catamarans, which can be a disadvantage when trying to outrun or navigate through a storm. Their deeper keel design may limit their ability to sail in shallower waters, reducing their maneuverability.

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Catamarans in Heavy Weather

1. stability.

Catamarans are known for their stability in heavy weather. Their twin-hull design provides a wider beam, making them less prone to heeling. This stability offers a more comfortable and secure experience for passengers.

2. Reduced Heeling

Unlike yachts, catamarans remain level even in strong winds. This reduced heeling minimizes the risk of items falling and passengers feeling seasick. It also makes it easier for the crew to maintain control of the vessel.

3. Speed and Efficiency

Catamarans excel in heavy weather due to their speed and efficiency. Their twin-hull design allows them to slice through rough seas with less resistance. This speed can be crucial when trying to outrun or navigate through storms, improving safety and comfort.

Sailing a Catamaran in Heavy Weather: Advanced Techniques

As you gain experience in heavy weather sailing with a catamaran, you can explore advanced techniques to enhance your skills and safety:

6. Use Storm Sails

Invest in storm sails specifically designed for heavy weather conditions. These smaller, more robust sails are easier to control and maintain stability.

7. Master Reefing

Perfect the art of reefing your sails quickly and efficiently. Proper reefing is crucial for maintaining control and preventing over-pressuring the rigging.

8. Learn Heavy Weather Navigation

Study advanced navigation techniques for heavy weather conditions. This includes understanding wave patterns, currents, and strategies for avoiding dangerous areas.

9. Emergency Procedures

Familiarize yourself with emergency procedures such as man overboard drills, deploying sea anchors, and abandoning ship protocols. Being prepared for the worst-case scenario is essential for safe heavy weather sailing.

Catamaran for Sale: What to Look For

When searching for the ideal catamaran for heavy weather adventures, consider these additional factors:

4. Seaworthiness

Ensure the catamaran you choose is designed for seaworthiness. Look for features such as reinforced hulls, robust rigging, and watertight compartments for added safety.

5. Accommodation

Consider the number of cabins and the layout of the catamaran. Adequate accommodation is essential for comfort during extended heavy weather voyages.

6. Equipment and Safety Features

Check for essential equipment such as life rafts, EPIRBs (Emergency Position-Indicating Radio Beacons), and other safety features. These can be lifesavers in case of emergencies.

Sailing in heavy weather can be both a challenge and an adventure. Your choice between a yacht and a catamaran significantly impacts your experience. While yachts offer elegance and tradition, catamarans provide stability and speed, making them a popular choice for adventurous sailors. Remember to practice safe seamanship, stay informed about weather conditions, and continually improve your skills to ensure a successful voyage.

So what are you waiting for? Take a look at our range of charter boats and head to some of our favourite  sailing destinations.

I am ready to help you with booking a boat for your dream vacation. Contact me.

Denisa Nguyenová

Can Yachts Survive Hurricanes & Rough Weather? (Explained)

Some yachts are built to withstand rough weather and high seas.  However, no yacht is designed to withstand hurricanes.  They may survive them while out at sea, but they aren’t intended to do so.

Other yachts aren’t built to withstand rough waters or strong storms at all.

In this post, I’ll answer these questions in detail so that you’ll know what kind of yacht you need to buy to survive in rough weather:

Table of Contents

The Hull Plays A Vital Role

A boat hull is either designed as a displacement hull or a planning hull:

• Displacement hulls move within the water.
• Planing hulls ride on top of the water.

An example of a planning hull can be found on Jon boats and airboats:

To survive in rough water, you’ll need to be in a boat with a displacement hull.

This is where the boat lays lower in the water, and the hull displaces the water.

However, not all displacement hulls are equal.

Some displacement hulls have deep V shapes or deep keels, while others do not.

The deeper the V or the keel, the more likely it is that the boat can withstand choppy water.

This is why you’ll notice category A yachts will often have deeper hulls than category D yachts.  For more information on yacht categories, take a look at the post titled, “Can Yachts Cross The Pacific and Atlantic Oceans.”

The hull’s shape isn’t the only thing to consider when assessing a yacht’s ability to survive in rough weather.  A hull needs to be built solidly enough to withstand the constant pounding of the sea.

On top of this, it might be important that the hull be strong enough to take impacts with other objects while on the water.  A yacht might not be out to sea when experiencing rough weather, so it’s important that its hull can take hits from debris and shallow areas without falling apart.

A rudder is the part of the boat that determines which way the boat will go.

This simple structure is located just past the propeller at the back of the boat.

In addition to steering, a rudder can also be used to help slow a boat down or to keep it from rolling under certain conditions. 

Being able to steer and being able to slow down is important in fair weather, and it is especially important during rough weather when a boat can be pushed into dangerous obstacles more easily.

A yacht owner will want to make sure that their rudder is in good condition before heading out into bad weather.  This can be done by making sure it does not have any corrosion, cracks, or pits in it.

Neglect to do this and the strong currents that rough weather often brings can destroy the rudder and leave the yacht owner with the inability to steer.

The Sails Must Be In Good Shape

New composite membrane sails will stay stiffer than Dacron sails, which leads to less heel.

This is useful for racing and cruising, and it’s especially useful during rough weather when the sailor needs every advantage he can get.

The material of the sail is just a part of what makes a sail good in rough weather.

Regardless of what sails you have on your sailing yacht, they’ll need to be in good condition.  This needs to be checked all of the time so that the sails are ready for rough weather when it comes.

Proper cleaning and storage of the sail are what will keep the sails in good condition for when they are needed.

This can be done by rinsing the salt water off of the sails with freshwater, letting the sails dry out before storage, and properly flaking the sails as recommended by the sail loft.

The Fuel Tanks Must Be Big

Rough weather can tax a motor boat’s engine.  This is because the winds pick up and the currents become stronger.

The engine then begins to burn fuel at a much faster rate than it does in fair weather.

For this reason, a motor yacht with a larger fuel tank might be needed to travel through rough weather.  Additionally, many yacht owners deal with hurricanes by navigating out of the path of the hurricane.

A larger fuel tank will help the yacht owner put more distance between themselves and the hurricane.

The Bilge Pumps Is Important

A bilge pump works to remove water from the boat.

During stormy weather, water will move into the boat much more quickly than it does under normal conditions.

For starters, a rainstorm can drop several inches of rain onto a yacht, creating over 700 gallons of water over a 50 feet boat.  Fortunately, most of this water flows overboard.

On top of this, rough winds can send seawater into the boat in much greater quantities than normal.  All of this excess water will lead to the bilge pumps having to work harder than usual.  If the bilge pumps go down, the boat could end up filling up with too much water.

This will slow the boat down, make it harder to steer, and in extreme cases, could even lead to the boat sinking.

The Lights Must Work Properly

Rough weather can bring dark storm clouds with it.

In this case, you may need your lights to help you navigate through the water and safely past other boaters.

You’ll need the proper red, green, and white lights on your yacht in order to safely and legally operate your boat under dark and cloudy skies.  The red light will need to be on your port side, the green light will need to be on your starboard side, and your light will need to be at the stern.

For a more in-depth look at light navigation rules, see our post titled, “ Boat Navigation Light Rules in Plain English .”

Concerns About The Radio

Your boat’s radio could end up saving your life.

While it’s important to try to ensure that your yacht can handle any weather you expose it to, this might not always be the case.  In this case, you may need to be rescued.  A good radio will give you the ability to call out for help when you need it.

A good radio may also give you the ability to help others in need.

Just because your yacht can handle rough weather doesn’t mean everyone else’s can.  Wouldn’t it be nice to know that you could help someone else out if they needed it?

NOAA radios are also important as they will tell the yacht owner what the weather is doing at any given time.  The weather can move quickly, and an NOAA radio will help to increase the amount of notice you get before encountering foul weather.  We’ll go into this in more detail in the next section.

The Weather Reports

The marine forecast is of vital importance to all boaters, especially yacht owners attempting to survive rough weather and hurricanes.

Luckily, the NOAA National Weather Service provides these forecasts free of charge.

Weather reports can warn yacht owners of impending storms and hurricanes so that they can be avoided.  They can also let yacht owners know what the winds and currents will look like.  In addition to the radio forecasts, today the forecasts are available graphically over the internet.

This can help yacht owners determine whether or not they should take their boat out and how much additional fuel they might need when they do.

Remember, stronger winds and currents could mean more fuel or less fuel depending on whether or not the yacht owner will be working with the winds and currents or against them.

Here are the NOAA weather radio frequencies:

• 162.400 MHz   (WX2)
• 162.425 MHz   (WX4)
• 162.450 MHz   (WX5)
• 162.475 MHz   (WX3)
• 162.500 MHz   (WX6)
• 162.525 MHz   (WX7)
• 162.550 MHz   (WX1)

These frequencies provide coverage up to 25 miles offshore.

The Boat’s Top Speed Is Important

The best way for a yacht to survive a hurricane is to move away from it before it hits.

A hurricane can travel at speeds of up to 10 to 35 miles an hour.  This is between 8 and 30 knots.

As long as your yacht can travel at this speed, you should be able to outrun it.  This is especially true if you’ve been watching the weather reports, as you’ll have plenty of time to get a head start on the hurricane.

Storms can also be fast-moving, but they’ll typically move at an even slower forward speed than a hurricane.  A thunderstorm may only move at about a speed of 20 miles per hour.

In this case, you’d need a boat that could surpass about 18 knots.

Of course, this is only if the hurricane is right next to your boat.

With a day or two of warning, the average 10-knot speed of a cruising yacht should be enough to allow the yacht to get out of the way of the storm’s path.

The Boat’s Weight

Heavier boats sit deeper in the water and provide more balance.

This is true whether you’re operating a sailing yacht or a power yacht.

The reason for this is that heavier boats have more mass.

When two objects collide, such as a boat and a wave , the one with higher mass isn’t affected as much.

The heavier your boat, the less it will be affected by larger waves.  This is the major reason why larger boats do better in rough weather.

The Boat’s Condition

Your boat should be in good condition and ready for rough weather at any time.

This can be done through regular boat inspections and by adhering to the regular maintenance schedule.

A yacht owner should inspect their boat before any trip they make out onto the water.

In fact, all boat owners should be checking their boats regularly, even if they never intend to leave the docks.  This is because you never know when you may have to drive your boat out of the path of a large storm or hurricane.

Some items to check are the engines, the sails, the fuel tanks, the bilge pumps, the propellers, and the rudders.  You’ll also want to check the lights, the hardware, and even the hull, the deck, and the sides of the boat.

The steering components should be checked regularly as well.  Cables, rudders, and keels all need to be in good working order, or you may not be able to leave when you need to.

The Yacht’s Crew

Without a doubt, the crew of the boat is the most critical factor when determining whether or not a yacht can survive bad weather, thunderstorms, and hurricanes.

A crew should be well-trained, diligent, and experienced.

The crew should also be dedicated, mentally and emotionally healthy, and unlikely to develop seasickness in rough seas.  This is because even the best trained and experienced crew isn’t going to do you any good if they don’t show up, can’t handle stress, or get too sick to help manage the boat during a storm.

Ideally, you’ll know how to operate your own yacht so that you can help get you, your boat, and the rest of the crew to safety in an emergency situation like rough weather.

Even if you have a full-time crew, you should practice with your boat regularly so that your skills remain sharp.

Boat Usability and User Fatigue

As far as a boat’s construction goes, many experts believe that the most crucial component that determines whether or not a boat can survive rough weather is the boat’s actual usability.

This is because a boat with poor usability can cause user fatigue much more quickly than a boat built with user ergonomics in mind.

At the end of the day, the crew needs to be of sound mind and body to successfully navigate their way through a storm or hurricane. 

They won’t be able to do this if they are too tired– or injured.

Here are 6 areas to consider when looking at a boat’s ergonomics:

• Foot Bracing Positions
• Bunk Sizes and Placements
• Galley Ergonomics
• Head Ergonomics

1) Handrails

Handrails need to be placed throughout the boat so that the crew can access them any time the boat heels or moves with the wind or water.

This is especially important during rough weather as the boat will be moving much more erratically than normal.  Failure to have access to handrails can lead to injuries, and people have even gone overboard in situations like these.

2) Foot Braces

Foot bracing positions need to be placed on sailing yachts.

A good foot brace will help sailors brace themselves while heeling and will drastically reduce the amount of fatigue they’ll experience while dealing with the high winds that rough weather always brings.

The seating in the boat also needs to be conducive to steering.

An autopilot system can go down, and it’s important that the people driving the boat have a comfortable and well-thought-out seat so that they can navigate without getting tired.

4) Bunk Sizes and Placements

Even the bunks of the yacht matter during a storm.

Bunks for the crew should be at least 30 inches wide so that the crew can comfortably sleep in them.  They also need to be positioned so that the crew does not fall out of them when the boat makes violent movements.

Fail to do this, and your crew will not get enough sleep to function properly when you need them the most.

5) The Location

The boat’s location will also determine whether or not it can handle rough weather.

For example, being too close to shore can often be fatal during a storm.

This is because a boat can be pushed into shallow water where they’re likely to experience steep breaking waves and suffer hull breaches and broken keels.

This is why some yacht owners head out to sea during bad weather to ride out the storm.

6) The Port

A yacht doesn’t always have to be manned or even operational for it to be destroyed during hurricanes and other forms of bad weather.

Some ports can shelter a yacht while others cannot.  Before leaving your boat at the port during a bad storm, you may want to check to see if the port is likely to survive the storm.

If the port is unlikely to survive, you’ll have to decide whether or not there is time to move it to a different port.  If you don’t have time to safely move the boat, just leave it and make sure your insurance is up to date.

You can replace a boat, but you can never replace the lives of you and your crew.

Final Thoughts

Yachts can and do survive rough weather like tropical storms and hurricanes.

However, this doesn’t mean you should tempt fate by going out on the water during these events.

Whenever possible, it is always best to help you, your yacht, and your crew to survive bad weather by avoiding it in the first place.  Sailing away from the storm or entering a sheltered port is usually the best course of action.

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The Best Sailboats for Rough Sea Conditions (13 Examples)

Are you planning to take on the challenge and sail in rough sea conditions? If so, you should equip yourself with the right sailboat that can handle heavy seas and keep you safe. Let's discuss the key features that make a sailboat ideal for rough seas and provide you with 13 examples of the best sailboats that you can consider for your next trip.

The best sailboats for rough seas have a strong and stable hull that can withstand the rough waves. They also have a deep keel that provides stability and prevents the boat from tipping over. Additionally, they have a spacious and comfortable cabin to enjoy a relaxing sailing experience even in rough conditions.

The Bermuda 40 is a good example of a classic sailboat that is known for its traditional design and seaworthiness. It has a full keel, which provides stability in rough seas. Let's look at more examples of sailboats that can handle rough sea conditions.

• The essential characteristics of an ideal sailboat for rough seas must include value for stability, comfort, speed, safety, and buoyancy.
• The best hull design type for sailboats in rough sea conditions is a deep-V hull or its modified version.
• The best rig type is either a cutter or a ketch, but for ease of handling, a sloop rig is best.
• A full-keeled sailboat is best in rough sea conditions because it provides excellent stability and directional control.

On this page:

13 examples of best sailboats for rough seas, key characteristics of sailboats for rough sea conditions, the best hull design and types for rough sea conditions, the best sailboat rig type for rough sea conditions, the most ideal keel type for sailboats in rough seas.

Here are 13 examples of sailboats for rough seas that you might want to consider:

1. Prout Snowgoose 37: This is a real blue water cruising boat that is perfect for experienced multi-hull sailors who have cruised across the Atlantic. It is also a great option for those who are new to sailing on rough seas.

2. Moore 24: Designed by the legendary California sailor and surfer George Olson, the Moore 24 is one of the first ultra-light displacement sailboats. It is a fast, fun speedster that is perfect for downwind sailing.

3. Mariner 36: This is a classic cruising sailboat that is known for its durability and seaworthiness. It is equipped with a long keel which provides better directional stability than a similar boat with a fin keel.

4. Cal 34: This is a popular sailboat that is known for its performance in rough seas. It has a fin keel that makes it easy to handle in heavy winds.

5. Morgan 43: This is a monohull sailboat designed by Nelson Marek. It has a fin keel that provides maneuverability in rough seas.

6. Swan 43: This is a high-performance sailboat that is perfect for racing and cruising. It has a sleek design and a fixed, swept fin keel.

7. Bermuda 40: This is a classic sailboat that is known for its traditional design and seaworthiness. It is equipped with a centerboard keel, which is a pivoting lifting keel, allowing it to sail both coastal and inland waters.

8. Island Packet 26: This is a popular cruising monohull sailboat that is known for its spacious interior and comfortable ride. It has a long keel that provides stability in rough seas.

9. Mariner 47: This is a classic cruising sailboat that is known for its righting capability if capsized. It is equipped with a fin keel that provides splendid maneuverability.

10. LeComte Northeast 38: This is a classic sailboat that is known for its traditional design and seaworthiness. It has a full keel that provides stability in rough seas.

11. Westsail 32: This is a classic cruising sailboat that is known for its strength and durability. It has a full keel that provides stability in rough seas.

12. Dana 24: This is a popular cruising sailboat that is known for its performance in rough seas. It has a fin keel that makes it easy to handle in heavy winds.

13. J/35: This is a high-performance sailboat that is perfect for racing and cruising. It has a sleek design and a deep keel that provides stability in rough seas.

Now here are the essentials characteristics of the ideal sailboat for rough sea conditions:

• A sturdy and well-built hull that can withstand the impact of waves
• A deep keel that provides stability and prevents capsizing
• A strong and reliable rigging system that can handle high winds
• A well-designed deck that provides ample space for the crew to move around safely
• A comfortable and secured cockpit that keeps the crew protected from the elements
• A reliable engine that can be used in case of emergency

Rough sea conditions can be caused by a variety of factors, such as high winds, storms, and tides. High winds can create large waves that can be difficult to navigate, while storms can bring heavy rain, lightning, and unpredictable winds. Tides can also create rough seas, especially when they're opposing the wind direction.

When sailing in rough seas, you might need to keep in mind that your sailboat will be subjected to constant motion , which can be uncomfortable and even dangerous if you're not prepared. Your sailboat must be able to handle the rough sea conditions and keep you safe.

The sailboat needs to be highly stable

A stable sailboat will be less likely to capsize or roll over in high waves. Look for sailboats with a low center of gravity and a wide beam ratio for added stability. Sailboats with a beam ratio of at least 3:1 have improved stability and comfort.

The boat must have essential safety features

You can check if the sailboat has adequate safety features, such as a sturdy hull, strong rigging, and proper safety equipment. Additionally, consider the sailboat's ability to self-right if it capsizes.

The sailboat must be comfortable enough

Some sailboats are designed to provide a smoother ride. Look for sailboats with a deep V-shaped hull and a high deadrise angle for improved comfort in choppy waters.

The deadrise angle is the angle between the hull and the waterline. A high deadrise angle can help a sailboat cut through waves more efficiently, providing a smoother ride in rough seas.

The boat must have improved speed when necessary

Speed is not always a top priority when sailing in rough seas, but it can be important in certain situations. For example, if you need to outrun a storm or reach a safe harbor quickly. Look for sailboats with a high buoyancy-to-weight ratio and a planing hull for improved speed in rough conditions.

The sailboat should stay afloat

Buoyancy is critical when sailing in rough seas. A sailboat with high buoyancy will be more likely to stay afloat in high waves. Look for sailboats with a displacement-to-length ratio of 100 or higher for improved buoyancy.

Here are different types of hull designs available, and each has its advantages and disadvantages:

The best hull design type for sailboats in rough sea conditions is a deep-V hull or a modified-V hull. These hull designs are able to cut through waves and provide a smooth ride, even in choppy waters.

They also offer good stability and maneuverability, which are important in rough seas. Other hull designs, such as catamarans and monohulls , are also effective in rough sea conditions. Catamarans have more roll stability, while monohulls are better at upwind sailing.

If you want a more detailed discussion on hull designs and types, you can try reading this article.

In this section, we will discuss the three most common rig types: Sloop, Ketch, and Cutter.

The sloop rig is the most common rig type

The sloop rig is often used on sailboats of all sizes. It consists of a single mast with a mainsail and a headsail. The mainsail is typically larger than the headsail, and the sail plan is designed to be easily managed by a small crew. The sloop rig is known for its simplicity and ease of handling, making it a popular choice for both cruising and racing.

Ketch is more advantageous in rough seas

The ketch rig is similar to the sloop rig, but it has two masts. The mainmast is taller than the mizzenmast, and both masts have their own sails. The mainsail is typically larger than the mizzen sail, and the mizzen sail is located aft of the cockpit.

The ketch rig is known for its versatility and ability to handle a variety of wind conditions. It also provides more sail area than a sloop rig, which can be advantageous in rough seas. However, they can be more complex to manage than a simple sloop rig and requires more crew members to handle the sails.

The cutter rig can sail upwind

The cutter rig is a type of rig that features a single mast with two headsails. The mainsail is typically smaller than the headsails, and the sail plan is designed to provide maximum power and speed in all wind conditions.

The cutter rig is known for its ability to sail upwind, making it a popular choice for offshore cruising and racing. It is also known for its stability in rough seas, as the multiple headsails provide more control over the boat's direction.

A more detailed discussion of different types of sail rigs can be found in this article.

The best keel type for sailboats in rough sea conditions is full keel because it provides excellent stability and directional control. It extends the length of the boat and is typically deeper than other keel types, providing a large surface area to counteract the force of the waves.

This design also helps to distribute the weight of the boat evenly, which reduces the risk of capsizing. It also provides a straighter and more predictable path through the water , which makes it easier to maintain course and avoid being pushed off course by waves.

This is particularly important in rough sea conditions where waves can be unpredictable and may come from multiple directions. Other keel types, such as fin keels or shoal draft keels, may be more suitable for calmer waters or shallow depths, but may not offer the same level of stability and control in rough sea conditions.

Leave a comment

You may also like, guide to understanding sail rig types (with pictures).

There are a lot of different sail rig types and it can be difficult to remember what's what. So I've come up with a system. Let me explain it in this article.

Sailboat Keel Types: Illustrated Guide (Bilge, Fin, Full)

5 Surprising Advantages of a Full Keel Sailboat

The Illustrated Guide To Boat Hull Types (11 Examples)

Here Are the Most Stable Boat Hull Designs (with Examples)

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38.1m  /  125' | westport yachts | 2023.

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The 38.1m/125' motor yacht 'Seas the Day' was built by Westport Yachts in the United States at their Westport, WA shipyard. Her interior is styled by design house Holly Hunt and she was delivered to her owner in May 2023. This luxury vessel's exterior design is the work of Westport Yachts.

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Built with a GRP hull and GRP superstructure, with grp & teak decks, she benefits from a semi-displacement hull to provide exceptional seakeeping and impressive speeds. Powered by twin diesel MTU (16V 2000M 96L) 2,600hp engines, she comfortably cruises at 20 knots, reaches a maximum speed of 25 knots with a range of up to 2,500 nautical miles from her 26,744 litre fuel tanks at 12 knots. Her water tanks store around 3,785 Litres of fresh water. She was built to ABS (American Bureau of Shipping) classification society rules.

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Winged ships: Soviet hydrofoils forgotten and reborn

Meteor 120R, 2021.

The ‘Raketa’ (“Rocket”) was the first prototype of Soviet hydrofoil ships. It made its maiden voyage on August 25, 1957, and went from Gorky (now Nizhny Novgorod, 400 kilometers north-east of Moscow) to Kazan (720 kilometers east of Moscow) down the Volga River. The ‘Raketa’ covered these 420 kilometers in seven hours - reaching speeds of up to 60 km/h, which was very fast for a river ship. The ships of this type have special foils underneath and this type of design significantly reduces the water resistance. It gives the hydrofoils their main advantage - very high speed. Also, it vastly reduces bumpiness (oscillation) for passengers.

The 'Raketa' on the Moscow channel in 1967.

The foils can be constructed in different ways: For example, ‘Raketa’ had U-shaped shallow-submerged ones. On its first voyage, the 27-meter-long hydrofoil had 30 passengers, even though its capacity was for 64 people. And the ‘Raketa’ was a success: 300 ships were made in total and it was so popular that even the next hydrofoil models were often commonly called ‘Raketa’.

‘Meteor’, the most widespread Soviet hydrofoil, 1968.

New Soviet hydrofoil models appeared thanks to a team of engineers headed by a ship constructor and innovator named Rostislav Alexeyev. Soon after the triumph of ‘Raketa’, they designed a hydrofoil called ‘Meteor’. It was bigger than ‘Raketa’, had a higher max speed of 77 km/h and could carry up to 123 people. The ‘Meteor’ was the most widespread Soviet hydrofoil - 400 ships were produced in total. They were exported to Germany, Egypt, Greece and other countries. Some ‘Meteors’ are still in use in Siberia, in the Far East and in St. Petersburg, where they are used for touristic cruises to Peterhof (23 kilometers south-west of St. Petersburg) and Kronshtadt (30 kilometers north-west of St. Petersburg). 

Strela-1 ship.

Some Soviet hydrofoils were designed to operate in sea waters. One of them was the ‘Strela’ (“Arrow”). Two ships of this modification appeared in 1961 and were used in the Black Sea. ‘Strela’ had two V-shaped semi-submerged foils - a special construction for the sea. It helped these ships travel up to 70 km/h even in rough seas (with waves up to two meters high). The ‘Strela’ could carry up to 90 passengers on board.

Volga ship, 1972.

The ‘Volga’ hydrofoil holiday cruiser was universal: it could be used both in shallow-sea waters and on rivers and lakes. The ‘Volga’ was created in the early 1960s. At just 8.5 meters in length, the cruiser was really small and could only carry 6 people, including the captain. It also had a removable awning instead of a roof. The ‘Volga’ had T-shaped semi-submerged foils and a max speed of 60 km/h. Later, the cruiser was remodified with V-shaped foils that helped it withstand stronger waves.

‘Burevestnik’ river ship, 1968.

Rostislav Alexeyev always wanted his ships to be faster. The diesel engines limited the speed, so he decided to try to equip a hydrofoil with a gas-turbine motor taken from a plane. This type of engine is lighter and gives more power than a diesel one. One of the results of this experiment was the ‘Burevestnik’ (“Petrel”) river ship. It also had two water jets instead of a propeller. These construction changes helped the hydrofoil reach a speed of 95 km/h. The ‘Burevestnik’ was 43 meters long and could carry 150 passengers.

‘Tayfun’ hydrofoil, 1969.

The ‘Tayfun’ (“Typhoon”) hydrofoil wasn’t just a usual passenger boat. It was created in St. Petersburg as a part of a military hydrofoil project to set up some experiments. ‘Tayfun’ was finished in 1969 and was used both in river and sea waters in the 1970s. It had innovative T-formed fully-submerged foils with autopilot controlled flaps. ‘Tayfun’ could reach speeds of up to 83 km/h and withstand rough seas. It had a maximum capacity of 98 passengers and was 31 meters long. It turned out to be efficient, but never went into mass production, because its designers didn't consider it to be a self-sufficient project: it had been initially created for experiments in the development of a military hydrofoil called ‘Uragan’ (“Hurricane”). 

There were several types of military hydrofoils like coast guard motor boats and a missile-carrying ship with the code name 1240 ‘Uragan’ (“Hurricane”). The military ship was built between 1972-1976 and was in service in Crimea between 1979-1990. It had a length of 56.6 meters and a standard weight of 342 tons (while the ‘Meteor’ weighed just 36.6 tons). The foils of the ‘Uragan’ were fully-submerged and autopilot controlled. It was possible to raise the foils up, so they didn’t touch water. In this mode, the ‘Uragan’ could travel in high seas with waves up to six meters high. In calm seas, the hydrofoil ship could reach a max speed of 111 km/h. It was operated by a crew of 34 people and armed with anti-ship cruise missiles and a guided missile defence installation. Unfortunately, only one was ever made, as it turned out to be a very complicated and costly project.

Project 23160 SEC "Comet 120M".

After the fall of the USSR, hydrofoil construction was halted, but recently, the development of these ships has, once again, resumed. In 2013, the construction of a modern Russian hydrofoil called ‘Kometa 120M’ (“Comet 120M”) began in Rybinsk (260 kilometres north-east of Moscow). It was finished and sent for testing to Crimea in 2017. The ‘Kometa 120M’ is constructed for sea voyages, where it can travel at speeds of up to 65 km/h. The hydrofoil looks more like a spaceship and has an autopilot system for its foils. The new ship is 35.2 meters long and has a maximum capacity of 120 passengers.

Hydrofoil vessel "Valdai".

Next, a hydrofoil modification called ‘Valdai 45R’ was built in 2017. It was designed for full-flowing rivers. It may become very helpful in the northern regions with a lack of roads. This new hydrofoil isn’t very big: it’s just 21.3 meters long, needs only two crew members and a maximum capacity of 45 people. It can travel at speeds of up to 65 km/h. Several ‘Valdai 45R’ ships are already in operation on the Ob, Irtysh and Volga rivers.

‘Tsiklon 250M’.

There’s also a huge sea hydrofoil called ‘Tsiklon 250M’ (“Cyclone 250M”) in the project stage. It’s a double-decker ship equipped with airliner-type seats. It has a gas-turbine motor and an unusual system of small foils. The design allows the ‘Tsiklon 250M’ to gain speeds of up to 101 km/h. The ship is 46 meters long and has a maximum capacity of 300 passengers - more than any other Russian or Soviet hydrofoil ship.

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Seize the day: Russian yachts find no safe ports in sanctions storm

Russian yacht owners are encountering rough seas around the world as nations sympathetic to Ukraine's plight press sanctions that include impounding assets of Russia's wealthy class.

World leaders hope harsh economic sanctions that target Vladimir Putin's inner circle of oligarchs could apply pressure on the Russian president to end his brutal military assault on Ukraine.

Italian Prime Minister Mario Draghi says his country froze assets totaling hundreds of millions of dollars belonging or linked to several Russian oligarchs as part of sanctions imposed over Moscow's invasion of Ukraine. 

Yachts are not sailing under Draghi's radar. Italy announced Saturday that it had seized a $580 million superyacht linked to Russian energy and fertilizer magnate Andrey Igorevich Melnichenko. The sail-assisted, motorized "SYA" – or Sailing Yacht A – was seized on Friday in the northeastern port of Trieste.

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Melnichenko doth protest, his spokesman saying Melnichenko has nothing to do with the war and thus should not be on the sanctions list. Among the world's largest yachts, his SYA is 469-feet long, or more than 1.5 football fields. It has eight decks and an underwater observation area with foot-thick glass.

The size and value of SYA dwarfs some other Italian targets, but they are not exactly dinghies. A yacht belonging to metals tycoon Alexei Mordashov, believed to be Russia's richest man, was impounded more than a week ago in the northern Italian port of Imperia. "Lady M," made in the U.S. is 215-feet long and has six luxury state rooms. Estimates of its value vary but have climbed as high as $70 million. 

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Billionaire investment guru Gennady Timshenko did not escape unscathed. His yacht Lena, a mere 126-feet long, was seized on the northeastern coastal city of San Remo.

Italy has been aggressive, but other European nations have proved unwilling to provide safe ports in the financial storm. Alisher Usmanov, who made his money in cellphones and copper, gave up his $600 million, 500-foot yacht Dilbar in Hamburg, Germany. Modest accommodations he can no longer enjoy include a 25-meter swimming pool and two helipads.

The $120 million, 280-foot-long Amore Vero was seized by France in the Mediterranean port of La Ciotat. It has been linked to Igor Sechin, CEO of the Russian state oil company.

Europe is clearly taking to heart President Joe Biden's statement warning to the Russian wealthy during his State of the Union Address.

"We are joining with our European allies to find and seize your yachts, your luxury apartments, your private jets," Biden said in his address. "We are coming for your ill-begotten gains."